1. In the early days , too , longlines would have been more saturated with fish . Some individuals would therefore not have been caught , since no baited hooks would have been available to trap them , leading to an underestimate of fish stocks in the past .
结构：
In the early days , too , longlines [主] would have been [为] more saturated with fish [宾] .
Some individuals [主] would therefore not have been caught [谓（被动）] ,
since no baited hooks [主] would have been available to [谓] trap them , leading to an underestimate of fish stocks in the past [宾]
单词：
Longline n.多钩长线 延绳钓
saturate vt.使饱和 是充满
词组：
Saturate with 使充满
Be available to 能够
Lead to 通向 导致
直译：早期，延绳钓能钓到更多的鱼。因此，一些个体不会被捕获，由于没有鱼饵的鱼钩无法捕捉他们，这就导致了对过去鱼群数量的低估
译文：早期，多钓长线能钓到更多的鱼。过去没有带诱饵的鱼钩来捕鱼，因此，有些鱼逃过一劫，这导致鱼的储量被低估了
2. Furthermore , in the early days of longline fishing , a lot of fish were lost to sharks after they had been hooked . That is no longer a problem , because there are fewer sharks around now .
结构：
Furthermore , in the early days of longline fishing , a lot of fish [主] were lost [谓] to sharks after they had been hooked [宾] .
That is no longer a problem ,
原因状语从句：because there are fewer sharks around now
直译：而且，早期的多钩长线钓鱼，许多鱼在被钓到以后被鲨鱼吃掉了。现在，这不再是一个问题了，因为这附近已经没有什么鲨鱼了
译文：此外，早期用多钩长线捕鱼的日子里，有许多鱼在上钩后，又被鲨鱼吃掉了。现在，这不再是个问题，因为海里的鲨鱼已经少多了
3. Dr. Myers and Dr. Worm argue that their work gives a correct baseline , which future management efforts must take into account . They believe the data support an idea current among marine biologist , that of the “ shifting baseline ”.
结构：
Dr. Myers and Dr. Worm [主] argue [谓]
宾语从句：that their work [主] gives [谓] a correct baseline [宾] ,
非限制性定语从句：which future management efforts [主] must take into account [谓] .
They [主] believe [谓]
宾语从句：the data [主] support [谓] an idea current among marine biologist , that of the “ shifting baseline ” [宾]
单词：
Correct a.正确的 恰当的 合适的
Marine a.海洋的 海事的
词组：
Take into account 考虑 重视 体谅
直译：M博士和W博士认为，他们的成果给出了一个合适的基准线，在未来的管理工作中必须要考虑这个基准线。他们认为，这些数据支持了海洋生物学家间流行的一个理论，就是“不断变化的基准线”理论
译文：米尔斯博士和沃姆博士声称，他们的工作将会提供一个准确的捕捞基线，这个基线是未来管理中必须要考虑的。他们认为这一数据支持了一个目前在海洋生物学家中普遍认可的观点，那就是“变化的基线”
4. The notion is that people have failed to detect the massive changes which have happened in the ocean because they have been looking back only a relatively short time into the past .
结构：
The notion [主] is [系]
表语从句：that people [主] have failed to [谓] detect the massive changes [宾]
定语从句：which[主] have happened[谓] in the ocean [状]
原因状语从句：because they [主] have been looking back[谓] only a relatively short time into the past [状]
直译：这个观点是人们没有探测到海洋里发生的巨大变化，因为他们只观察了过去相对较短时期
译文：这种观点认为，人们没有观察到海洋中发生的巨大变化，因为他们只回顾了过去相对较短的一段时间的情况
5. That matters because theory suggests that the maximum sustainable yield that can be cropped from a fishery comes when the biomass of a target species is about 50% of its original levels . Most fisheries are well below that , which is a bad way to do business .
That matters because theory [主] suggests [谓]
宾语从句：that the maximum sustainable yield [主]
定语从句：that [主] can be cropped [谓] from a fishery comes [谓]
时间状语从句：when the biomass of a target species [主] is [系] about 50% of its original levels [表] .
Most fisheries are well below that ,
非限制性定语从句：which is a bad way to do business [宾]
直译：这很重要，因为这个理论指出，当目标物种的生物量是它原始水平的50%时，渔场才能保持它最大的产量。多数的渔场都十分低于这个标准，这是一个糟糕的做事方式
译文：这一点很重要，因为从理论上看，当目标物种的生物量保持在原始水平的50%左右时，才可以从渔场中获得最大的可持续产量，然而，大多数渔场远远低于这个数字，这样做生意是不对的