仁爱版八年级下册英语 Unit 5 重点词汇、短语考点、语法考点、句型考点
教育丨阅读丨生活丨成长
一、 重点词汇
1.cruel 残忍的
2.silly 傻的
3.smile 微笑
4.rich 富裕的
5.proud 骄傲的
6.taste 品尝
7.smell 问起来
8.set 设置
9.able 能够
10.since 自从...
11.lively 活泼的
12.play 玩
13.mad 发疯的
14.please 请;令人高兴的
15.marry 结婚
16.main 主要的
17.role 角色
18.express 表达
19.culture 文化
20.peace 和平
二、重点短语
1 Why all the smiling faces?
为什么你们都笑容满面。
2 You look so excited.
你看起来很兴奋。
3 invite/ ask sb to do sth
邀请某人做某事
4 one of 其中之一 one of 限定词 名词的复数 表示“其中的一个...”
例如：比较对错one of the boys one of the boy
5 prepare sth for sb= get sth ready for sb
为某人准备好某事
6 say thanks / hello / sorry / goodbye to sb
向某人说声谢谢/ 你好/抱歉/再见
7 None of
没有一个
8 What a shame / pity.
真遗憾。
9 get the ticket to = buy the ticket for
买到...的票
10 not at all
一点也不
11 What do you like best?
= What’s your favorite?
你最喜欢什么?
12 be proud of
= take pride in
为...感到骄傲
13 be worried about
= worry about 为...而担心， 担心......
14 wait in line
排队等候
15 be pleased with sb
= be satisfied with sb
对某人感到满意
be pleased at sth
为某事而感到高兴
16 taste delicious
尝起来美味
smell terrible
闻起来恶心
17 set the table
摆放餐具
18 have a temperature
= have a fever
发烧
19 I hope everything goes well.
我希望一切进展顺利。
20 ring up sb ring sb up
打电话给某人
21 be able to
能够
22 of all time
= all the time
一直，总是
23 care for
= take care of
= look after
照顾
24 because of
因为，由于
25 cheer up cheer sb up
使...兴奋起来
26 at last = in the end = finally 最后，最终
at the end of 在......的末尾
27 be on 上演
tell a story = tell stories 讲故事
28 on the / one’s way to
在去往....的路上
29 be with a history of 200 years
= have a history of 200 years
=have 200 years of history
有着两百年的历史
30 come into being 形成
31 be full of 充满，装满
32 ( have a ) fight against sb
与某人打架/吵架
make peace with sb
与某人和解
33 end with 以...结束
start / begin with 以...开始
34 连系动词 形容词表系表结构be /look /smell /taste /sound /feel /become /get /turn
35. funny plays 滑稽剧
36.agree with sb.同意某人
37. facial paintings 脸谱
三、重点语法
1. Linking verb adjective 系动词 形容词,构成系表结构.
系动词：be (是)；feel；look；sound；taste；turn；get；become ；smell；seem 等等.
For example :
The food tastes delicious.
注意：
(1). 有些连系动词通常不用于被动语态和进行时态中。
如:feel, taste等词。
例如:
-Do you like the material?
-Yes, it feels very soft.
(2). 一般情况下,连系动词主要跟形容词或分词作表语。
例如:
Be careful when you cross this very busy street. If not, you may get run over by a car.
(3). 能跟名词作表语的连系动词常见的有:be, become, appear, seem, prove, remain和turn等.
注意:turn后跟(表示主语身份的)名词作表语时,不加冠词。
例如:
Twenty years later, he turned teacher.
The population growth in China remains a problem.
(4). 连系动词也可跟不定式(to do / to be),常见的有:appear, seem, remain, prove, look等。
例如:
Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains to be seen whether they will enjoy it.
On the long journey, Peter proved to be a most interesting guide. We all had a wonderful time.
2. hope 与wish 的比较.都与that引导的从句连用.Hope常用于将来时表可能实现的愿望. Wish常用于过去式表示不可能实现的愿望.
For example : I hope that you will be happy.
I wish that you could be happy.
3. 动词-ing 和-ed形式作主语补语的区别.
动词-ing表示主语的特征，常用于事物.
动词-ed表示主语的状态，常用于人.
这类词有：
interest
move
active
disappoint
excite
surprise
frighten
bore等等.
For example：
The game is interesting.
I am interested in the game.
4.表示能力的词.
Could 表示过去的能力.
Can表示现在的能力
be able to 表示过去，现在，将来任何时候的能力.
将来时态(shall \will be able to...)
Unit 5 Topic 2
一、重点词汇：
1. exam测试 shy，strict，especially，stranger，accept，advice，deal，example，fail，normal，kill，refuse，hit，though，understand，asleep，suggestion，experience，soft，
二、重点短语
1 seem to V 似乎
2 do badly in
= be bad at
不擅长于某一方面
3 be strict with
对...严格要求
4 need to do sth
需要做某事
5 take it easy
放轻松，别紧张
6 try to do sth 尽力做某事
try doing sth 尝试做某事
try on 试穿
try one’s best to do sth 尽某人最大努力做某事
7 at one’s age
在某人这一年龄的时候
8 tell a joke = tell jokes 讲笑话
9 make / let / have sb do 让某人做某事
get / ask / tell sb to do
10 be sure (that ) 确信...
be sure to 一定会
11 as … as 和....一样
not as / so … as 不如...
12 How time flies!
= How quickly the time flies! 光阴似箭。
13 be used to 习惯于做某事
used to do sth 过去常常做某事
14 deal with
= do with 处理，对付
15 for example 例如
16 learn from 向...学习
learn to do sth 学习做某事
17 refuse to do sth 拒绝做某事
18 be angry with sb
= be mad at sb 生某人的气
19 even though / if 尽管
20 not …any longer = no longer 不再
not …any more / anymore = no more
21 by oneself 靠自己
22 fall asleep 入睡
23 give sb a hand
= do sb a favor
= help sb 帮助某人
24 in one’s teens
在某人十几岁的时候
25 take part in
= join in 参加，加入
26 clam down clam sb down
使某人平静下来
三、重点语法：
5. 原因状语从句.引导词：because since so 等，但是因为，所以不能同时出现.
For example：
He is ill, so he isn’t able to come.
She is lonely because she has no friends to talk with.
Since she is very strict with herself ,she is unhappy.
6. always常用于一般现在时.表示频繁发生的动作.但与现在进行时态连用表是厌恶，责备，赞扬的语气.
For example: She is always talking about money.
7. can’t 表示一种否定的推测.You can’t have SARS.
must 表示一种肯定的推测.It must be sunny day tomorrow
9. 英语语法as...as、so…as、so…that和too…to的用法区别
①so…as只用于否定句，as…as不但可用于肯定句，还可用于否定句
②as…as中的第一个as是副词,后接形容词或副词的原形;第二个as是连词,引导比较状语从句.
例如:
Jack is as tall as you. 杰克和你一样高.
Jim is not so/as brave as you. 吉姆不如你聪明.
③so…that 如此…以至于(只能引导结果状语从句,的后面多接形容词、副词或分词,后接句子. 例如:
The house was so crowded that I could hardly turned around. 屋里很挤,我几乎都无法转身了.
④too…to 太…以至于不能…(too为副词,后接形容词或者副词,to为不定式的标志,这个不定式短语本身带有否定含义.) 例如:
The box is too heavy for her to carry it. 对于她来说,这个箱子太重了,以至于她搬不动.
Unit 5 Topic 3
一、重点词汇：
1.nervous 紧张的，
2.bitter
3.test 测试，
4.monitor班长，
5.speech ，
6.passport，
7.moon 月亮，
8.thought 虽然，
9.spirit 精神的
10.decision 决定，
11.sense 感觉，
12.boss 老板，
13.decide 决定
二、重点短语
1 make me feel nervous
使我感到紧张的
make me want to sleep
使我想去睡觉
2 follow the doctor’s advice
依据医生的建议
3 I hope so. 我希望如此。
4 at the end of 在、、、的末端
in the end = at last 最后
5 Take it easy. 别紧张
6 help sb to do 帮助某人做某事
help sb with sth 帮助某人某事
7 learn by oneself = teach oneself 自学
8 That’s very nice of you.
你是多么的好啊!
9 in a good / bad mood
愉悦的心情
in good spirits 良好的精神
10 smile at life 笑对人生
11 give a surprise to sb
= give sb a surprise 给某人惊喜
12 in hospital 住院
in the hospital 在医院
13 get together with sb
与某人相聚在一起
14 try out 尝试
15 so...that 如此...以致
16 get help from sb
得到某人的帮助
17 make important decisions
做一个重要的决定
18 think …over 考虑
19 a sense of happiness
高兴的感觉
20 get along / on with sb
与某人相处的融洽
三、重点语法
8. 使役动词(让...\使...)make let have 的用法.
make 宾语 (省约to 的不定式)动词.
make 宾语 名词.
We make him team leader.
make 宾语 形容词.
It make me happy.
Let 宾语 (省约to 的不定式)动词.
Have 宾语 (省约to 的不定式)动词
老师叫John到办公室拿他的书。
The teacher made(had ) John get his book in the office.
爸爸让我明天下午看电视。
Father let me watch TV tomorrow afternoon.
10. few ; a few ; little; a little的用法和区别.
⑴ (a) few与 (a) little的区别
① 从所修饰的名词来看：
(a) few后接可数名词，且要用复数形式;
(a) little后接不可数名词。
如：
We had little time to do it.
我们没什么时间做此事。
There’s only a little soup left.
只剩下一点儿汤了。
He has few friends.
他朋友很少。
I’ll only be away a few minutes.
我只离开几分钟。
②从所表示的意思来看：
上面提到，两者均可表示数量，其主要区别是，
(a) few后接可数名词，
(a) little后接不可数名词。
但是，(a) little还可表示大小。
如：
Please accept this little gift.
请接受这件小小的礼物。
There are several little towns along the river.
沿河有几个小镇。
注意体会下面两句，前面的little表示形状或个子“小”，后面的little表示数量“少”：
The little boy is very busy. He has little time to play.
这个小男孩很忙，他很少有时间玩。
It’s a little animal. It eats only a little food.
那是一个小动物，它只吃一点点食物。
③ 从各自的词性来看：
在词性方面，两者的共同点是，均可用作形容词或代词;
其不同点是，(a) little 还可用作副词，用以修饰形容词、副词、动词以及介词短语。
如：
He is a little tired.
他有点累了。
They are a little bit better now.
现在他们稍好一点了。
You should walk a little faster.
你应该走快一点。
She was only a little over fifty years old.
她才五十多一点。
⑵有 a 与没有 a 的区别
不带 a 的little和few 含有否定意义，表示数量很少或几乎没有，强调“少”;
带有a 的little和few含有肯定意义，表示数量虽然少但毕竟还有，强调“有”。
比较：
Few people like such things.
没什么人喜欢那样的东西。
A few people like such things.
有少数人喜欢那样的东西。
He knows little English.
他几乎不懂英语。
He knows a little English.
他懂一点点英语。
注意，当few前不带 a，但带有the, some these, those等修饰语时，也表示肯定意义。
如：
Some few have already left.
有几个已经离开了。
The last few winters have been very cold.
过去几个冬天都很冷。
The first few chapters are about his early days.
前几章谈他的少年时期。
⑶思维拓展
注意两者比较级和最高级的用法及区别：
little的比较级和最高级分别为less和least，
few的比较级和最高级分别为fewer和fewest。如：
Boys think less about dress than girls do.
男孩子不像女孩子那样爱打扮。
He has the least money of all of us.
他是我们大家中钱最少的。
Fewer radios were sold this year than last.
今年卖掉的收音机比去年少。
He tried to finish the work with least money and fewest people.
他设法要用最少的钱和最少的人去完成这项工作。