中考英語複習之重點核心詞彙詳解
A字部
1. able
adj. 能夠……的;有能力的;能幹的
關聯詞組：be able to do sth.能做某事
用法：be able to與can的區別：can只有現在式(can)和過去式(could)兩種形式，而be able to可有各種時態。
詞性轉換：ability n.能力
反義詞：unable adj.不會的，無能的
It was a lifetime experience. I was able to experience Chinese living and culture.
2. abroad
adv.在國外;到國外
關聯詞組：study abroad海外留學;work abroad在(到)國外工作
同義詞：overseas adv.在國外，在海外 adj.海外的，國外的
A lot of people, usually aged between 20 and 30, are leaving the country to workabroad.
3. absent
adj. 缺席的，不在的
關聯詞組：be absent from…缺席……;be absent-minded心不在焉
詞性轉換：absence n.缺席，不在
—What’s the matter with Tom? He has been absent for two days.
—Oh! He be ill. Let’s go and ask Ms. Brown.
A. can B. need C. may D. would
4. accent
n. 口音，音調
關聯詞組：British accent英式口音;American accent美式口音;local accent鄉音，方言
It s cool! My sister loves the British accent. (口音).
5. accept
v. 接受;認可
accept和receive的區別：receive: 收到(表客觀);accept：接受(表主觀)
詞性轉換：acceptable adj.可接受的;acceptance n.接受，認可
My advice on how to save paper by my class last Monday.
A. accepts B. accepted C. was accepted D. is accepted
6. accident
n. (交通)事故;意外
關聯詞組：traffic accident交通事故;by accident=by chance偶然
詞性轉換：accidental adj.意外的，偶然的;accidentally adv.意外地
To avoid accidents, some trampolines have 8 safety net around them.
7. achieve
vt. 取得;獲得;實現;成功vi. 達到預期的目的，實現預期的結果
關聯詞組：achieve success取得成功
詞性轉換：achievement n.成就
People who learn ________ (明智地) and well will achieve their dreams more easily.
8. act
vt. 行動;表演
關聯詞組：act as擔當，充當
詞性轉換：action n.動作，行動;active adj.積極的，主動的;actively adv.積極地;activity n.活動
On which day are there two different activities?
A. Monday. B. Tuesday. C. Wednesday. D. Thursday.
There are about 6,000' languages that are spoken around the world, but 43% of them are dying out. If no _________is taken, some of these languages will disappear. (act)
9. add
vi. 加;增加;加起來;做加法vt. 增加，添加;補充説;計算…總和
關聯詞組：add… to…把……加到……上
熟詞生義：接着説，補充説。例如：“And don't be late,” she added.
詞性轉換：addition n.增加，添加物：in addition to…除……之外
- Peter, shall we go for a picnic this Sunday?
- OK. Let's add it to _____________ weekend plan.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
10. advantage
n. 優點;有利條件
關聯詞組：take advantage of利用
反義詞：disadvantage n.缺點;不利條件
Actually, trampolining has many advantages.
11. advertisement
n. 廣告
關聯詞組：TV advertisement電視廣告
詞形變換：advertise v.做廣告，宣傳
Advertisements are made to make people feel certain that they are true, and then people can buy the products.
12. advice
n. 勸告;建議;忠告
用法：屬於不可數名詞，表示“一條建議”要用a piece of advice
關聯詞組：give sb. some advice on sth就……給某人提建議;take/follow one’s advice 採納某人的建議
詞性轉換：advise(美式) v.勸告，建議：advise sb. (not) to do sth. 勸某人(不要)做……
同義詞：suggestion n.建議(可數名詞)
The advice she gave was so ____18____, and I had heard it a million times.
18. A. funny B. simple C. useful D. different
13. afford
vt. 買得起;承擔得起(後果)
關聯詞組：afford to do sth.有經濟能力做某事
用法：後面可接名詞，代詞或to do sth.;常與can, could, be able to連用;通常用於否定句或問句中。
詞性轉換：affordable adj.負擔得起的
In the Agricultural(農業的)Age, a farmer could afford to forget hunting skills
14. afraid
adj. 害怕的;畏懼的;擔心的
用法：be afraid to do…害怕做……;be afraid of (doing) sth.擔心(做)……;be afraid+ 從句
The king felt afraid. “Fairy,” he shouted, “take away this 47 gift!”
15. against
prep. 對着;反對
1對着，倚靠：against the wall靠着牆
2反對，對抗：be against sth.反對……;fight against同……作戰(鬥爭);play against與……對賽
3對……不利：She has said nothing against you.她並沒有説任何對你不利的話。
Why is Song He Lou so special ______ hundreds of restaurants?
A. between B. against C. among D. beyond
16. agree
vt. 同意;贊成;承認vi. 同意;意見一致
用法：agree with sb./sth.贊成(同意)……;agree+從句
詞性轉換：agreement n.協議，同意，一致
反義詞：disagree v.不同意
-Some people don't show their talents at the very beginning.
-I agree. Even Einstein ____________ read until he was seven.
A. can't B. mustn't C. couldn't D. needn't
17. alive
adj. 活着的;有生氣的
關聯詞組：keep…alive使……活着
alive與lively的區別：alive指的是“有生命的，活着的”，一般被放在所修飾的名詞或代詞的後面;而lively指的是“活潑的，有活力的，栩栩如生的”，一般被放在所修飾名詞或代詞的前面。
Love your parents __________ they are alive. Don't wait until it is too late.
A. while B. though C. because D. unless
18. allow
v. 允許;准許
關聯詞組：allow sb. to do…允許某人做;allow doing…允許做……
詞性轉換：allowance n.津貼;允許
We don’t allow taking magazines out, but you _________ copy the article you need on the machine over there.
A. can B. must C. should D. would
19. alone
adv. 獨自，單獨;adj.單獨的，獨自的
關聯詞組：go alone單獨去，一個人去;leave sb. alone.不管，不打擾，讓某人一個人待著
alone和lonely的區別：
alone通常用作副詞，充當狀語，也可以用作形容詞;lonely只能用作形容詞。
alone是指行為或動作上的，意為單獨，獨自;lonely是指心靈上的，意為寂寞，孤獨。
I wish she would leave us alone. We were in the same summer school and now she thinks we're best friends.
20.angry
adj.生氣的;憤怒的
關聯詞組：angry with sb.生某人的氣;angry about sth.因……生氣;angry at對……發怒(生氣)
詞性變化：angrily adv.生氣地，憤怒地;anger n.怒氣，憤怒
Liu was angry because Ran refused 70 (stop) the bus after she missed her station.
21. answer
n. 答案;v. 回答
用法：表示“……的答案”要用介詞to，即the answer to sth.
However, I've found the ______ to this question.
A. attention B. excuse C. answer D. distance
22. any
pron.(無論)哪一個，任何，任一;adj.(用於疑問句、否定句)任何的，一些
1與any相關的複合不定代詞：anybody/anyone任何人;anything任何事
2與any相關的複合不定副詞：anyway無論如何，不管怎樣;anywhere在任何地方
- Keep quiet! I need complete__________ when I'm working.
-Sorry, dad. I won't make any noise again.
A. trust B. silence C. control D. strength
-Simon, where do you want to eat?
-_______________. I eat anything.
A. I don't mind B. My Pleasure C. Good idea D. Certainly not
23. appear
vi. 出現;顯得;似乎
1表示“出現”時，為及物動詞，後面不接賓語，也不能用於被動語態;
2表示“顯得，看起來;似乎，好像”時，為系動詞，後可接名詞、形容詞、to do作表語;
3it appears + that從句：表示“看來……，似乎……”。
詞性轉換：appearance n.出現，來到;外貌，面貌
反義詞：disappear v.消失
The radio telescope thus appeared, and it is considered one of the greatest inventions in the twentieth century.
24. arrive
vi. 到達
用法：arrive at/ in(小地方用at，大地方用)= get to(後接home, here, there時,省to)= reach
詞性轉換：arrival n.到達，來到
Miss Zhang ____________(訂購)a dress online two weeks ago, but it hasn't arrivedyet.
25. article
n. 文章;東西;冠詞
關聯詞組：write an article寫一篇文章
用法：可以用來作名詞的計量單位，例如：an article of clothes一件衣服
We don’t allow taking magazines out, but you ____________ copy the article you need on the machine over there.
A. can B. must C. should D. would
26. asleep
adj. 睡着的
關聯詞組：fall asleep入睡，睡着
asleep和sleepy的區別：asleep表示“睡着了”，強調狀態;sleepy表示“想睡的，睏倦的”，實際上並沒有睡。
詞性轉換：sleep v.睡覺
Betty felt so tired last night that she ____________ fell asleep in bed after lying down.
A. recently B. suddenly C. frequently D. immediately
27. attention
n. 注意;關注
關聯詞組：give one’s/pay attention to (doing) sth.注意……;draw/ attract one’s attention引起某人的注意
詞性轉換：attend v. 出席;照料，照顧
Secondly, and perhaps most effectively, we can give our whole attention to an experience-to what we are seeing, feeling, tasting, smelling or hearing.
28. available
adj. 可用的，可獲得的;有空的
關聯詞組：be available for/to sb.對……可用，對……開放。例如：The school library is available for every student.學校圖書館對所有學生開放。
反義詞：unavailable adj.不可用的;沒空的
From the menu above, we know that _______.
A.bread and butter goes with starters
B.there are four kinds of different ice cream
C.the desserts are available for both lunch and dinner
29. avoid
vt. 避免;避開，躲避;消除
關聯詞組：avoid sth/ doing sth.避免(做)……
We 73 (stand) up and stop such fights between passengers and drivers 74 (avoid) this kind of tragedy.
30. awake
v.喚醒;adj.醒着的
詞形變化：過去式awoke，過去分詞awoken
關聯詞組：stay awake保持醒着的，保持清醒;awake from從……中醒來
與wake的區別：
wake只能作動詞，通常可以接up;awake可做動詞，通常不接up，awake也可作形容詞。
作動詞時，awake可用於本意表示“醒來，弄醒”，但更多用於比喻意義表示“認識到”、“意識到”;wake (up)更多用於本意，也可以用於比喻意義。
When they got there, the bus driver was awake and sitting up, but not speaking.
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