2021年全球疫情讓許多人的生活陷入困境，但是也有許多人晉身百萬富翁行列。新報告指出，去年美國又多了100多萬個百萬富翁，超10%的增長率創下近年新高，其中最富有的1%美國人財富增長了32%，這也使得美國的貧富差距進一步擴大。
The roaring stock market and crypto gains created more than a million new millionaires in the US last year, according to a new report.
新報告稱，去年的股市繁榮和加密貨幣升值在美國新創造出100多萬個百萬富翁。
The number of Americans with $1 million or more in investible assets surged to a record 14.6 million in 2021, up from 13.3 million in 2020, according to a report from wealth research firm the Spectrem Group.
財富調研公司斯佩特蘭集團的報告指出，2021年，可投資資產超百萬美元的美國人數量從2020年的1330萬人飆升至創紀錄的1460萬人。
The growth rate of over 10% was the strongest in years, boosted by trillions of dollars in wealth created by the stock market, crypto and other assets.
超10%的百萬富翁增長率是近年來最高的，這得益於股市、加密貨幣和其他資產創造的數萬億美元財富。
"It was the strongest year ever for millionaire creation in all segments,” said George Walper, president of Spectrem Group.
斯佩特蘭集團的主席喬治·瓦爾波説：“這是各領域百萬富翁最高產的一年。”
The wealth surge was strongest at the top. The number of Americans worth $25 million or more surged by 18%. There are now a record 252,000 Americans worth $25 million or more, up from 214,000 in 2020. By contrast, the number of so-called “mass affluent” investors — or those with between $100,000 and $1 million — grew by about 2%.
頂級富豪的增長是最迅猛的。身家超2500萬美元的美國人數量暴增了18%。身家超2500萬美元的美國人數量從2020年的21.4萬人達到了現在破紀錄的25.2萬人。相比之下，財富在10萬美元到100萬美元之間的所謂的“大眾富豪”投資者數量只增長了約2%。
The stock market was by far the largest engine of wealth creation for millionaires and the wealthy in 2021. The S&P 500 gained 27% last year, while the Nasdaq was up 21%. The wealthiest 1% of Americans gained over $3 trillion in stock-market wealth in 2021, according to Federal Reserve data.
美聯儲的數據顯示，迄今為止股市是2021年百萬富翁和其他富豪財富增長的最大驅動力。標準普爾500指數去年增長了27%，而納斯達克指數增長了21%。2021年最富有的1%美國人的股市財富增長了超3萬億美元。
Crypto and other assets — such as NFTs, collectibles and real estate — also gained in value, adding to the wealth of the wealthy. The total market cap of crypto assets, despite wild swings in prices, gained $1.5 trillion last year to over $2.3 trillion, according to CoinGecko.
加密貨幣和其他資產也增值了，包括非同質化代幣、收藏品和房地產，這讓富人的財富進一步增加。CoinGecko的數據顯示，儘管價格波動很大，但去年加密資產的總市值增加了1.5萬億美元，達到了逾2.3萬億美元。
Values of private-equity and venture-capital investments also surged. Since the wealthy can afford to put more of their money in investments, especially those with the highest risks and rewards, ultra-millionaires benefitted more than the mass affluent in 2021.
私募股權和風險資本的投資也大幅升值。因為富人有更多錢可用於投資，尤其是那些高風險高回報的投資，所以2021年超級富豪的投資收益也比大眾富豪更多。
"The wealthy have the greatest exposure to the broadest investments,” Walper said. “It wasn’t just traditional liquid markets that did well last year. It was also alternative investments, real-estate investments and crypto.”
瓦爾波説：“富人可以廣泛涉獵各種投資。去年不只是傳統的流動性市場表現出色，另類投資、房地產投資和加密貨幣的收益也不錯。”
The wealth gains at the top also widened the wealth gap in the US. The share of wealth held by the top 1% grew to a record 32% last year, according to the Fed.
頂級富豪財富的增長也擴大了美國的貧富差距。美聯儲的數據顯示，最富有的1%美國人擁有的財富在去年增長至創紀錄的32%。
Wealth experts say it’s unlikely that last year’s gains will be sustained in 2022, given soaring inflation, rising interest rates and a potential economic slowdown. Stock market declines have already started trimming the paper fortunes of investors. The Nasdaq is down 14.5% for the year, while the S&P is down 8.4%.
財富專家指出，考慮到通脹率暴漲、利率上升和可能發生的經濟衰退，2022年或將無法保持去年的財富漲幅。今年以來股市下跌已經開始令投資者的利益受損。迄今為止納斯達克指數已下跌了14.5%，標準普爾指數下跌了8.4%。
"Every day changes, so it’s hard to predict where the year will wind up,” Walper said. “But the first few months of 2022 have already painted a different picture than 2021.”
瓦爾波説：“每一天都在變化，所以難以預測今年的財富走向如何。但是2022年開局的前幾個月已經描繪出與2021年不同的圖景。”
英文來源：美國消費者新聞與商業頻道
翻譯&編輯：丹妮