英語知識點—改善英語寫作的3個技巧
有效寫作最重要的原則是不要重複自己的話。接下來這三條規則都着重於避免英語中的重複。
規則一:不要重複同一個單詞
英語寫作中最重要的一條規則是避免重複。換句話説，不要反覆使用相同的詞語。可以使用同義詞、意思相近的短語等來“增添”你的寫作風格。有時，這是不可能的。例如，如果你正在寫一篇極具學術性的文章的時候，你就不能改變你的詞彙。然而，在使用描述性詞彙時，選擇不同的詞彙是很重要的。
We went on holiday to a ski resort. The resort was very beautiful with lots of things to do. The mountains were also beautiful, and, to be honest, there were also many beautiful people.
（我們到一個滑雪勝地度假。度假村非常漂亮，有很多事情可以做。山也很美，老實説，也有很多漂亮的人。）
在這個例子中，形容詞beautiful被使用了三次。這被認為是糟糕的寫作風格。下面是使用同義詞的相同例子。
We went on a holiday to a ski resort. The resort was very beautiful with lots of things to do. The mountains were majestic, and, to be honest, there were also many glamourous people.
（我們到一個滑雪勝地度假。度假村非常漂亮，有很多事情可以做。山是雄偉的，老實説，也有許多迷人的人。）
規則二:不要重複相同的句式
同樣地，使用相同的句子結構，反覆重複同樣的結構也被認為是糟糕的文體。知道表達同一觀點的不同方法是很重要的。這通常被稱為使用等價性。下面是一些相似類型的句子的例子，它們使用了不同的對等語來改變句子的風格。
The students studied hard as the test was sure to be difficult.
They reviewed the grammar in great detail due to the many exceptions.
Sentence structure was reviewed, for it was sure to be on the test.
As they had covered all the materials, the students were assured success.
在上面的四個句子中，我用了四種不同的變體來表示because。第1句和第4句使用從屬連詞。注意，從句可以在句子的開頭加逗號。第二個句子用了介詞(due to)，後面跟着名詞短語。第三個句子用了連詞for。下面是這些表單的快速回顧:
並列連詞：也被稱為FANBOYS。用逗號前的並列連詞將兩個簡單句子結合起來。並列連詞不能在句子的開頭。
例如：
The weather was very cold, but we took a walk.
She needed some extra money for her vacation, so she found a part-time job.
The toy was broken, for the boy had thrown it against the wall.
從屬連詞：從屬連詞引入從屬分句。它們可以用在句子的開頭，後面加逗號，也可以用在不加逗號的第二位置引入從屬從句。
例如：
Though we need to review the grammar, we decided to take the day off for some fun.
Mr. Smith hired a lawyer as he needed to defend himself in court.
We'll take car of the problem when John returns.
連接副詞：連接副詞開始一個句子直接連接到前面的句子。在連接副詞後面直接加逗號。
例如：
The car was in need of repair. As a result, Peter took the car into the repair shop.
It's very important to study grammar. However, knowing grammar doesn't necessarily mean you can speak the language well.
Let's hurry up and finish this report. Otherwise, we won't be able to work on the presentation.
介詞：介詞用於名詞或名詞短語，而不是完整的子句。然而，像“due to”或“despite”這樣的介詞可以提供與從屬從句相似的意思。
例如：
Just like our neighbors, we decided to put a new roof on our home.
The school decided to fire the teacher despite the students' protest.
As a result of poor attendance, we'll have to repeat chapter seven.
規則三：改變語言的排序和連接
最後，當你寫較長的文章時，你會使用連接詞和順序來連接你的觀點。就像選擇單詞和句子風格一樣，使用不同的連接語言也很重要。例如，“next”有很多表達方式。如果你是在提供指導，試着改變你所使用的詞語來引導某人完成過程中的每一步。
而不是寫:
First, open the box. Next, take out the equipment. Next, insert the batteries. Next, turn the device on and begin work.
你可以寫:
First, open the box. Next, take out the equipment. After that, insert the batteries. Finally, turn the device on and begin work.
這只是一個簡短的例子，讓你有一個概念。試着改變你在每個段落中使用的順序，或者連接語言。如果你在一段中使用了first, secondly, third, finally，那麼在另一段中使用begin with, next, after that。